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Sustainability
SAP S/4HANA Transformation
Artificial intelligence
SAP Glossary – Technical Terms, Abbreviations & Definitions
A
ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming)
ABAP is the proprietary programming language of SAP used for the development of business processes, reports, forms, and extensions within SAP systems.
ARIBA
SAP Ariba is the cloud-based software solution for procurement and sourcing. It supports requesters and purchasers in traditional activities.
API
SAP APIs are standardized interfaces that enable communication, data retrieval, and integration between SAP systems (e.g., S/4HANA) and external applications.
B
BTP
The SAP BTP (Business Technology Platform) is a unified innovation platform for the entire SAP ecosystem in the cloud. It integrates application development and integration capabilities.
Batch Data Communication
The SAP BDC (Business Data Cloud) is a fully managed SaaS platform for central management, consolidation, and analysis of both SAP and non-SAP data.
Business Suite
The SAP Business Suite is a comprehensive package of enterprise applications that integrates core business processes in real time.
C
Cloud ALM
SAP Cloud ALM (Application Lifecycle Management) is the cloud-native solution for managing and optimizing cloud and hybrid SAP landscapes.
Clean Core
SAP Clean Core describes the strategy of separating standard ERP functions within the core from individual extensions on the SAP BTP (Business Technology Platform) to keep the SAP S/4HANA system as close to the SAP standard as possible.
Customer experience
SAP Customer Experience (CX) is a cloud-based service management platform offered by SAP. It assists companies in managing their customer relationships and includes solutions for marketing, commerce, customer data, sales, and services.
D
Datasphere
The SAP Datasphere is a cloud-based data management solution from SAP, serving as a central platform for data integration, cataloging, semantic modeling, and analysis.
Data Intelligence Cloud
The SAP Data Intelligence Cloud is a data management solution on the SAP Business Technology Platform (BTP) that connects, orchestrates, and prepares distributed datasets for AI and machine learning.
Digital Manufacturing
SAP Digital Manufacturing (DM) is a cloud-based solution that monitors and controls production processes (MES) in real-time and is seamlessly integrated with SAP ERP/S/4HANA.
E
EWM (Extended Warehouse Management)
SAP Extended Warehouse Management (EWM) is the SAP module for the detailed control, optimization, and monitoring of warehouse processes, including storage, picking, transportation, and inventory management.
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)
SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is an integrated software system that represents and controls core business processes such as Finance, Logistics, Human Resources, and Production of a company on a unified platform.
EHS (Environment, Health, and Safety Management)
SAP Environment, Health, and Safety Management (EHS) is a module for SAP S/4HANA and ERP that minimizes risks and complies with legal regulations in the areas of environmental, health, and occupational safety.
F
Fieldglass
SAP Fieldglass is a cloud-based Vendor Management System (VMS) for managing the entire external workforce and services procurement.
FIORI
Fiori is the SAP user interface that provides modern, role-based, intuitive, and cross-device applications for SAP solutions.
Forecast
Forecast in SAP is the projection of future quantities, sales, or requirements (demand planning) based on historical data to guide planning and production.
G
GROW
SAP GROW is a comprehensive offering package for the rapid implementation of the SAP S/4HANA Cloud in the Public Edition, designed for medium-sized enterprises and new customers.
Green Ledger
SAP Green Ledger is an innovative solution from SAP that enables companies to comprehensively capture, analyze, and integrate their CO2 emissions within their financial data.
GUI
SAP Graphical User Interface (GUI) refers to the universal UI technology from SAP for operating SAP systems such as SAP ERP or SAP Business Suite. It describes the graphical user interface.
H
HANA (High-Performance Analytic Appliance)
High-Performance Analytic Appliance is the in-memory database from SAP, which enables fast data processing, real-time analytics, and simplified data models.
HCM (Human Capital Management)
Human Capital Management is the SAP module for the management and administration of all personnel processes, including Personnel Administration, Time Management, Payroll, and Talent Management.
Help Portal
The SAP Help Portal is the central online platform for official documentation, technical manuals, learning content, and assistance for all SAP products.
I
IDoc (Intermediate Document)
SAP IDoc is a standardized data format in SAP that facilitates the electronic exchange of business data between SAP systems or between SAP and external systems.
Information Lifecycle Management (ILM)
SAP Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) is an SAP module for the automated management of data throughout its entire lifecycle.
Integration Suite
The SAP Integration Suite is a cloud-based integration platform-as-a-service of the SAP Business Technology Platform (BTP).
J
Java Connector (JCo)
The SAP Java Connector (JCo) is a powerful middleware component that enables Java applications to communicate directly with SAP systems via SAP's own RFC protocol.
Jam
SAP Jam is a cloud-based social collaboration platform from SAP that functions as a digital social network for enterprises.
Joule
SAP Joule ist ein KI-Copilot, der die Interaktion mit SAP-Systemen vereinfacht, indem er Anfragen in natürlicher Sprache versteht und ausführt.
K
Knowledge Graph
The SAP Knowledge Graph is a semantic data layer that serves as an intelligent bridge between the various data sources within an enterprise. For example, it connects structured data and unstructured data into a network of relationships.
Knowledge Management
SAP Knowledge Management is a central component of the SAP NetWeaver Enterprise Portal that captures, structures, manages, and provides unstructured information (documents, images, presentations, etc.) across the entire enterprise.
Chart of Accounts
A Chart of Accounts in SAP is a structured overview of all a company’s general ledger accounts, used for systematic accounting and reporting.
L
LeanIX
SAP LeanIX is a cloud-based Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) solution. It serves to centrally visualize, document, and optimize the entire IT landscape of a company - including applications, technology stacks, and business processes.
Ledger
SAP Ledgers are central general ledgers for parallel mapping of accounting standards (e.g., IFRS, HGB) in real-time.
Learning Hub
The SAP Learning Hub is a central, cloud-based training platform from SAP, providing 24/7 access to learning content, e-learnings, expert webinars, and live practice systems.
M
Master Data Governance (MDG)
SAP Master Data Governance is a solution for the central management, consolidation, and harmonization of master data to ensure high data quality and consistency across the entire enterprise.
Materials Management (MM)
Materials Management is the SAP module for managing all procurement and inventory processes, including purchasing, warehouse management, and material planning.
MIGO
MIGO (Goods Movement) is the SAP transaction used to post all types of goods movements, such as goods receipts, goods issues, or stock transfers, while updating inventory and financial accounts.
N
New General Ledger
The SAP New General Ledger (New GL) is the modern ledger in SAP ERP 6.0 and S/4HANA, which enables parallel accounting in real-time without complex reconciliations.
NetWeaver
SAP NetWeaver is the technical core platform and integration foundation for SAP applications such as ERP and SAP S/4HANA. It connects business applications with databases.
Notes
SAP Notes are documents provided by SAP (identified by a unique number) that describe issues in SAP systems and deliver solutions, such as program corrections (ABAP code) or configuration instructions.
O
OData
SAP OData (Open Data Protocol) is a standardized protocol in SAP that enables real-time access to and manipulation of data via web services.
Org. Unit
An organizational unit (org. unit) in SAP is a structured entity within the company, such as a company code, plant, or cost center, that serves to represent organizational and procedural structures.
Order
An order in SAP is a document or assignment that documents and controls a planned activity, production, maintenance, or cost tracking.
P
Portfolio and Project Management (PPM)
SAP Portfolio and Project Management (PPM) is an extensive solution within the SAP ERP system for strategic and operational project management. It facilitates the planning, prioritization, and monitoring of the entire project portfolio.
Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)
SAP Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is a comprehensive software solution by SAP that encompasses the entire lifecycle of a product. This spans from the initial idea through development, manufacturing, maintenance, and service.
Profit Center
A profit center in SAP is an organizational unit used for capturing revenues and costs to analyze the profitability of specific business areas.
Q
Query
SAP Query enables the creation of custom reports without ABAP programming knowledge and serves for data extraction from database tables using InfoSets.
QuickViewer
SAP QuickViewer is a tool for the rapid creation of custom reports and table joins without programming knowledge.
Quality Management
SAP Quality Management (QM) is a central module in the SAP ERP system that controls the entire product lifecycle regarding quality assurance, including planning, inspection, complaint management, and certificate creation.
R
Remote Function Call (RFC)
Remote Function Call (RFC) is an SAP interface that enables the remote invocation of functions or programs in another SAP system or external system.
RISE with SAP
RISE with SAP is a comprehensive offering from SAP that supports companies (particularly existing customers) with a "Business Transformation as a Service" as they transition from legacy on-premise systems (ECC) to the cloud (S/4HANA).
Risk and Assurance Management
SAP Risk and Assurance Management is a cloud-based GRC solution on the SAP BTP that assists companies in proactively identifying, assessing, and managing risks through automated internal controls. It safeguards financial and non-financial data, monitors processes in real-time, and enhances compliance with policies.
S
SAP S/4HANA
SAP S/4HANA is the current SAP ERP suite, based on the in-memory database HANA, offering real-time processes, simplified data models, and modern user interfaces such as Fiori.
Sales & Distribution (SD)
Sales and Distribution (SD) is the SAP module that maps all sales processes, including quotation creation, order, delivery, invoicing, and customer management.
SAP S/4HANA Utilities
SAP S/4HANA Utilities ist die moderne ERP-Lösung der nächsten Generation für die Energiewirtschaft, welche das bisherige SAP IS-U ablöst. Diese basiert auf der In-Memory-Datenbank HANA, bietet Echtzeit-Analysen, optimiert den Meter-to-Cash-Prozess (M2C) und vereinfacht durch Fiori-Oberflächen die Verwaltung von Kunden, Verträgen und Geräten.
T
Taulia
SAP Taulia is an integrated working capital management solution that assists companies in optimizing their cash flow, liabilities, and supply chains. It enables suppliers to settle invoices early (Dynamic Discounting), thereby enhancing liquidity for both parties.
Transformation
A transformation in the SAP context refers to the fundamental, strategic change of a company's IT landscape and business processes, typically through the migration from older SAP systems (such as SAP ECC) to the modern platform SAP S/4HANA.
Transaction (T-Code)
A transaction in SAP is a predefined program area or document, enabling users to execute specific business processes, such as postings, orders, or master data maintenance.
U
Universal Journal (ACDOCA)
The Universal Journal (ACDOCA) in SAP S/4HANA is a central ledger that consolidates financial and controlling data into a single table, enabling real-time analysis and simplified accounting processes.
Utilities
SAP Utilities is the industry solution from SAP for the energy and water sector. It is used for managing customer data, billing consumption (M2C), meter management, and market communication.
User
A user in SAP is a unique account assigned to an employee or external user for logging into the system and utilizing authorizations.
V
Sales Order (VA01)
A sales order in SAP is a document that records a customer's order and serves as the basis for subsequent processes such as delivery, billing, and shipping.
Sales Organization (VKORG)
VKORG (Sales Organization) is an organizational unit in SAP SD that structures distribution, serves customers, and is responsible for processing sales transactions as well as assigning sales data.
Availability Check (ATP)
The availability check (ATP – Available-to-Promise) in SAP assesses whether a product is available on the desired delivery date and in the required quantity to provide a reliable delivery commitment.
W
WalkMe
SAP WalkMe is a leading Digital Adoption Platform (DAP). It serves as a contextual support layer over SAP applications to guide users with real-time instructions, tips, and automations at work, thereby increasing productivity and reducing training efforts.
Warehouse Management (WM)
WM (Warehouse Management) is the SAP module for detailed control and optimization of warehouse processes, including storage, transfer, picking, and inventory management.
Goods Receipt (GR)
A goods receipt in SAP is the document that records the receipt of materials or goods into inventory, updates the stock levels, and triggers the posting in financial accounting.
X
XM (Experience Management)
XM refers to the SAP Experience Management solution for analyzing and improving customer experiences.
Vendor Master Data Maintenance (Transaction XK01/XK02)
XK01/XK02 are transaction codes in SAP and represent the central management of vendor master data.
X-Steps
X-Steps are a tool in SAP Production Planning to provide a detailed description of the exact sequence of production steps.
Y
Y-Program
Y-programs are customer-specific custom developments in SAP that are created outside the standard SAP code to meet specific business needs not covered by standard functions.
Y-transactions
Y-transactions are custom transaction codes in SAP that begin with the letter 'Y' and have been developed by customers themselves to map specific business processes.
Y-tables
Y-tables are custom database tables created by customers or partners to store their own data, as opposed to the standard tables delivered by SAP.
Z
Z-Program
Z-programs are custom developments (transactions, code, function modules) that are not part of the standard SAP software.
Z-Tables
Z tables are customer-specific database tables in SAP, created by a company to meet specific business requirements that are not covered by the standard SAP tables.
Z-transactions
Z transactions are customer-specific programs in SAP that are not part of the standard scope and can be identified by their code prefix "Z" (or "Y").
